Election.
God’s choice of those who believe in Christ is an
important teaching of the apostle Paul (See: Romans 8:29-33; 9:6-26; 11:5-28; Colossians 3:12; 1 Thessalonians 1:4; 2 Thessalonians 2:13;
Titus 1:1). Election (Greek
eklego)
refers to God choosing in Christ a people whom he
destines to be holy and blameless in his sight (cf. 2 Thessalonians 2:13). Paul sees this election as expressing God’s
initiative as the God of infinite love in giving us as
finite creation every spiritual blessing through the
redemptive work of his Son (Ephesians 1:3-5). Paul’s
teaching about election involves the following truths:
(1) Election is Christocentric,
i.e., election of humans occurs only in union with Jesus Christ. “He
chose us in him” (Ephesians 1:4). Jesus himself is first of all the elect of
God. Concerning Jesus, God states, “Here is my servant whom I have
chosen” (Matthew 12:18; Isaiah 42:1-6; 1 Peter 2:4). Christ, as the elect, is the
foundation of our election. Only in union with Christ do we become
members of the elect (Ephesians 1:4-13). No one is elect apart from union with
Christ through faith.
(2) Election is “in him…through
his blood” (Ephesians 1:7). God purposed before creation (Ephesians 1:4) to form a
people through Christ’s redemptive death on the cross. Thus election is
grounded on Christ’s sacrificial death to save us from our sins (Romans 3:24-26; Acts 20:28).
(3) Election in Christ is
primarily corporate, i.e., an election of a people (Ephesians 1:4-9). The
elect are called “the body of Christ” (Ephesians 4:12), “my church” (Matthew 16:18), “a people belonging to God” (1 Peter 2:9), and the “bride” of
Christ (Revelation 19:7). Therefore, election is corporate and embraces
individual persons only as they identify and associate themselves with
the body of Christ, the true church (Ephesians 1:22-23; see Robert Shank,
Elect in the Son, [Minneapolis: Bethany House Publishers]). This was
true already of Israel in the OT (see Deuteronomy 29:18-21; 2 Kings 21:14).
(4) The election to salvation
and holiness of the body of Christ is always certain. But the certainty
of election for individuals remains conditional on their personal living
faith in Jesus Christ and perseverance in union with him. Paul
demonstrates this as follows. (a) God’s eternal purpose for the church
is that we should “be holy and blameless in his sight” (Ephesians 1:4). This
refers both to forgiveness of sins (Ephesians 1:7) and to the church’s purity
as the bride of Christ. God’s elect people are being led by the Holy
Spirit toward sanctification and holiness (see Romans 8:14; Galatians 5:16-25).
The apostle repeatedly emphasizes this paramount purpose of God (see Ephesians 2:10; 3:14-19; Ephesians 4:1-3; Ephesians 13-24; 5:1-18). (b) Fulfillment of this
purpose for the corporate church is certain: Christ will “present her to
himself as a radiant church…holy and blameless” (Ephesians 5:27). (c)
Fulfillment of this purpose for individuals in the church is
conditional. Christ will present us “holy and blameless in his sight” (Ephesians 1:4) only if we continue in the faith. Paul states this clearly: Christ
will “present you holy in his sight without blemish…if you continue in
your faith, established and firm, not moved from the hope held out in
the gospel” (Colossians 1:22-23).
(5) Election to salvation in
Christ is offered to all (John 3:16-17; 1 Timothy 2:4-6; Titus 2:11; Hebrews 2:9) but
becomes actual for particular persons contingent on their repentance and
faith as they accept God’s gift of salvation in Christ (Ephesians 2:8; 3:17;
cf. Acts 20:21; Romans 1:16; 4:16). At the point of faith, the believer is
incorporated into Christ’s elect body (the church) by the Holy Spirit (1 Corinthians 12:13), thereby becoming one of the elect. Thus, there is both God’s
initiative and our response in election (see Romans 8:29; 2 Peter 1:1-11).
Predestination
Predestination (Greek
prooizo)
means “to decide beforehand” and applies to God’s
purposes comprehended in election. Election is God’s
choice “in Christ” of a people (the true church) for
himself. Predestination comprehends what will happen to
God’s people (all genuine believers in Christ).
(1) God predestines his elect to
be: (a) called (Romans 8:30); (b) justified (Romans 3:24; 8:30); (c) glorified
(Romans 8:30); (d) conformed to the likeness of his Son (Romans 8:29); (e)
holy and blameless (Ephesians 1:4); (f) adopted as God’s children (Ephesians 1:5); (g)
redeemed (Ephesians 1:7); (h) recipients of an inheritance (Ephesians 1:14); (i) for
the praise of his glory (Ephesians 1:2; 1 Peter 2:9); (j) recipients of the Holy
Spirit (Ephesians 1:13; Galatians 3:14); and (k) created to do good works (Ephesians 2:10).
(2) Predestination, like
election, refers to the corporate body of Christ (i.e., the true
spiritual church), and comprehends individuals only in association with
that body through a living faith in Jesus Christ (Ephesians 1:5, 7, 13; cf.
Acts 2:38-41; 16:31).
Summary. Concerning election and
predestination, we might use the analogy of a great ship on its way to
heaven. The ship (the church) is chosen by God to be his very own
vessel. Christ is the Captain and Pilot of this ship. All who desire to
be a part of this elect ship and its Captain can do so through a living
faith in Christ, by which they come on board the ship. As long as they
are on the ship, in company with the ship’s Captain, they are among the
elect. If they choose to abandon the ship and Captain, they cease to be
part of the elect. Election is always only in union with the Captain and
his ship.
Predestination tells us about the ship’s destination and what God has
prepared for those remaining on it. God invites everyone to come aboard
the elect ship through faith in Jesus Christ. [Life in the Spirit Study
Bible, pp. 1854-1855]
See:
Hold Fast: Hebrews 6:4-6 and the Possibility of Apostasy by Robert E.
Picirilli |